Case Study: Respiratory and Digestive Systems BSC 2347

Case Study: Respiratory and Digestive Systems BSC 2347

Module 06 Case Study: Respiratory and Digestive Systems

Each question is worth 1 point, unless otherwise noted.

Driving Can Be Dangerous To Your Health: Part I—”The Grandparents Arrive” Questions

1. What factors can trigger an asthmatic episode and what do you think triggered the asthmatic episode in this case?

2. Compare and contrast the anatomy of the trachea and bronchi/bronchioles. Which one is more likely to collapse?

3. Why is air-flow restricted during an asthmatic episode and why is wheezing usually worse when asthmatics exhale?

Driving Can Be Dangerous To Your Health: Part II—”That Night?” Questions

1. Do you think that this episode is simply a bad asthmatic attack? What could have brought on this episode?

2. What symptoms indicate that there may be something else wrong with Barbara? What possible other medical conditions could Barbara be suffering from?

3. With the above symptoms in mind, do you wish to speculate about Barbara’s condition?

Driving Can Be Dangerous To Your Health: Part III—”The Hospital” Questions

1. Is Barbara’s heart rate normal? Is her blood pressure? What can you conclude from these two observations?

2. Why does a lack of movement create swelling in Barbara’s legs? Why is swelling restricted to her legs? Why didn’t her arms swell?

Driving Can Be Dangerous To Your Health: Part IV—”Tests, Tests and More Tests” Questions

1. What do the ECG and the blood levels of creatine phosphokinase-2 and troponin-I tell you about the likelihood that Barbara had a heart attack?

2. Why are Barbara’s arterial PO?, PCO?, and pH values different from normal?

3. Are your ideas consistent with her blood pressure and heart rate?

4. What conditions cause contraction of the bronchiole smooth muscle? What conditions cause contraction of the (pulmonary) arteriole smooth muscle

5. Why did the doctor ask for a CT scan and ultrasound of Barbara’s legs?

6. Briefly describe how a pulmonary embolism occurs.

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Driving Can Be Dangerous To Your Health: Part V—”A Few Days Later” Questions

1. Why should Barbara not take aspirin or ibuprofen?

2. How does Warfarin influence the clotting time of blood? If Muffy the cat ate Warfarin, which is used as rat poison, what would be the vet’s treatment?

Case Study: Respiratory and Digestive Systems BSC 2347Sweet Truth-Not All Carbohydrates Are Alike: Part I—”The Conversation” Questions

1. What is the difference between simple carbohydrates, complex carbohydrates and fiber?

2. What is the difference between soluble and insoluble fiber?

3. What does it mean that fiber is metabolically inert to humans? Why is fiber not listed on the caloric values of food?

4.How does fiber influence cholesterol levels and blood sugar levels?

5. What are digestive enzymes and there role? Where are digestive enzymes produced within the digestive system?

6. What is the gut flora? Is it diverse?

7. What role does the gut flora have within the digestive system and body?

8. What can harm or deplete your gut flora? What can “rebuild” or increase the good bacteria in your gut flora?

9. Briefly describe the condition of lactose intolerance and why its symptoms occur?

Case Study: Respiratory and Digestive Systems BSC 2347Snack/Energy Bars: Part I—”The Healthiest Bar?” Questions

1. What bar has the highest amount of calories? Total Fat? Total Carbohydrates? Total Fiber? Total Protein?

2. Why don’t any of the bars of have cholesterol? What food products would have cholesterol within it? Which food products don’t?

3. Which fat is the healthiest and worse; include why this is the case: Saturated, Monounsaturated or Trans fat?

4. Examining the ingredients and nutritional facts, defend which bar is the healthiest? (2 points)

Module 08 Case Study: Urinary System and Electrolyte/Acid-Base/pH Balance

Each question is worth 1 point, unless otherwise noted.

I Got To Micturate: Part I—”Mini Case Studies” Questions

Case 1: Frank Johnson

1. How does the urinary system relate to sexual function in males? How does the prostate relate to the bladder infections in males?

2. On Frank’s follow up examination, what are some of the alarming symptoms and concerns he has?

3. What possible conditions/complications could be causing Frank’s symptoms? What does a negative leukocyte and nitrite urinalysis test strip results rule out?

4. What is a digital rectal examination (DRE) and what insight does it provide into Frank’s condition?

5. There are two possible conditions that Frank has, what are they and the complications of them?

Case 2: Melissa Cataran

6. How credible do you think Melissa’s information she is receiving from the internet? What is the concern with non-health educated individuals searching online for health advice?

7. What symptoms of Melissa are concerning?

8. Do you think Melissa’s boyfriend cheated on her? Why or why not?

9. What is the concern with Melissa waiting so long to tell her mother?

Case Study: Respiratory and Digestive Systems BSC 234710. How is Melissa’s condition treated?

11. Would you agree or disagree with minors making doctor’s appointment for situations like this without parental permission? Why or why not.

Case 3: Debbie Gibson

12. What are the initial concerning symptoms Debbie is having? Can these symptoms be caused from pregnancy? If so, how?

13. What does Debbie’s test results indicate?

14. What symptoms were concerning that Debbie developed after her initial doctor’s visit?

15. What do these new symptoms possible indicate with Debbie?

16. Why could this be a possible medical emergency for Debbie?

17. How is this condition treated during pregnancy?

Water Can Kill: Part I—”Three True Stories” Questions

1. What sort of environment (hypertonic, isotonic, hypotonic) does consuming excessive amounts of pure water create in the body fluid that surrounds your cells? What effect would this have on your cells?

2. What types of symptoms did Jennifer, Cassandra, and James have in common? Which organ or tissue seems to have been most affected?

3. Keeping in mind your answers to questions 1 and 2, what do you think the immediate cause of death was for Jennifer, Cassandra, and James?

4. If you suspected that a patient’s symptoms were caused by the condition suffered by Jennifer, Cassandra, and James, what kinds of test would you run to confirm your suspicions?

Case Study: Respiratory and Digestive Systems BSC 23475. Once you knew the cause of their symptoms, what kind of emergency treatment might you try for a patient like Cassandra or James if you were the doctor in charge of their care?

6. Why do you think doctors administer a saline solution instead of pure water to dehydrated patients?

Water Can Kill: Part II—”Facts About Hyponatremia” Questions

1. During periods of intense activity, your body releases an antidiuretic hormone called vasopressin that causes the body to retain water (by decreasing the amount of water that is expelled in urine). Why does this make endurance athletes particularly vulnerable to developing hyponatremia?

2. What might put desert-dwellers in danger of developing hyponatremia? How can they avoid this danger? Babies and small children are at much greater risk for developing hyponatremia than adults. Why is this?