ENGL 147N Week 2 Assignment: Pro-Position Paper

ENGL 147N Week 2 Assignment: Pro-Position Paper

ENGL 147N Week 2 Assignment: Pro-Position Paper

Vaccination in China

It is a fact that the world is filled with deadly and dangerous diseases, and societies of all countries are trying to find the cure, to prevent illnesses and deaths of citizens. Vaccinations are one of the ways that fight viruses before they endanger nations, stopping pandemics and epidemics prior to them reaching critical levels. However, China, being one of the most populated countries in the world is not doing everything to prevent the spread of several types of influenzas, which raises concern on an international level. Without timely introduction of vaccines on the national level, disease in China will most certainly become a global problem.

Context

Vaccinations, introduced before the spread of disease, have been shown highly effective. An article titled, To save children’s lives, China should adopt an initiative to speed introduction of pneumonia vaccines, raises an important point that “vaccines against Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae type b” have been proven effective and are used globally. However, China still has not changed national policy to make such vaccinations available (Yu, Yang & Varma, 2012). The World Health Organization and many other countries in the world have recommended this initiative, since worldwide, child mortality because of these diseases has greatly decreased, while in China, death rates are still high and nothing is being done to introduce the vaccines.

1^st Pro-Point

World organizations have come together to do everything possible to aid China. Global community has decided that “…countries with a gross national income of less than US$1,000 per person”, will receive the medicine for free, but even after such an action by the GAVI Alliance, there was still little action to implement this vaccine nationally (Yu, Yang & Varma, 2012). The authors of the article present evidence that this vaccination is crucial for China’s health, especially since the population of the country is so great in comparison to the rest of the world. A great percentage of children are born in China yearly, and without these vaccines, many children are at risk.

2^st Pro-Point

The data which describes the danger of the lack of vaccination does exist for further analysis. An absolutely worrying statistic is provided in the article where “China accounted for 21 million…of the world’s 156 million new pneumonia cases each year” (Yu, Yang & Varma, 2012). It would seem this is a reason enough for the government to take drastic steps towards changing medical policies. An article written at a later date, 2016, titled Seasonal influenza vaccination in China: Landscape of diverse regional reimbursement policy, and budget impact analysis, supports the lack of action. Even though there is a change in local administration, and some people are being vaccinated, it is not on a national level (Yang, et al). As such, vaccinations are necessary, and must be provided to the whole population, not only select groups.

3^st Pro-Point

            Without an immediate implementation of the vaccine in China, air-born diseases will spread at an even faster rate. Yu, et al., in an article titled Characterization of regional influenza seasonality patterns in China and implications for vaccination strategies: Spatio-temporal modeling of surveillance data, provide the details outlining periodicity, duration, as well as present predictions and outcomes which point to the problem of lack of vaccinations. The information on how and for what reason to act already exists, so all this evidence is enough to prove that vaccines in China are greatly needed. The problems that can be seen in the world today are proof that vaccinations could have played one of the major roles in preventing the spread of several types of influenzas.

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Conclusion

It is clear that there were and are numerous statistics, and data which support the benefits of vaccinations. China, and other countries, must get prepared and start changing policies as soon as possible. Preventing diseases and the spread of viruses is critical, as it makes people ready for what is coming. The worst is being unprepared, falsely thinking that everything is calm and technology will save people. All this evidence is enough to prove that vaccines in China are greatly needed. 

References

Yang, et al. (2016). Seasonal influenza vaccination in China: Landscape of diverse regional reimbursement policy, and budget impact analysis. Elsevier 34(47), 5724-5735.

Yu, H. et al. (2013). Characterization of regional influenza seasonality patterns in China and implications for vaccination strategies: Spatio-temporal modeling of surveillance data. PLOS Medicine, 10(11), 1-16.

Yu, H., Yang, W. & Varma, J. (2012). To save children’s lives, China should adopt an initiative to speed introduction of pneumonia vaccines. HEALTH AFFAIRS 31(11).

Required Resources

Read/review the following resources for this activity:

• Textbook: Chapter 3; pp. 100-107
• Lesson
• Week 1 Assignment
• Link (Word doc): Pro-Paper TemplateDownload Pro-Paper Template
• Minimum of 3 academic articles (from the Week 1 Assignment)

Apply the following writing resources to your posts:

• Link (multimedia presentation): APA BasicsLinks to an external site. (Review this tutorial for formatting an APA paper and title page.)
• Link (multimedia presentation): Citing References in TextLinks to an external site.
• Link (website): APA Citation and WritingLinks to an external site.

Instructions

For this assignment, complete the following:

• Review the Toulmin-model outline (Week 2 Lesson) and your completed Week 1 Assignment (Pro-Position Proposal). Assess any feedback provided by the professor and/or your peers.
• Compose a position paper representing the pro side of your topic. (See the Pro-Paper Template). The paper should include approximately 6 developed paragraphs:
  • Introduction (with thesis statement)
  • Context paragraph
  • 3 body paragraphs (focusing on 3 pros)
  • Conclusion
• Apply a formal tone appropriate for academic audiences, maintaining an objective 3rd person point of view – no 1st person (I, me, my, we, our, us, mine) or 2nd person (you, your). Avoid contractions, clichés, and slang terminology.
• Use the provided template to assist in formatting the title page and headers.
• Incorporate at least 3 scholarly sources into the paper. Cite all sources in APA format, both parenthetically and on a reference page.
• Before submission, proofread and edit carefully for spelling, punctuation, and grammar. Not every error will be flagged automatically in word-processing programs, and some that are flagged as errors are actually correct.

Writing Requirements (APA format)

• Length: 2-3 pages (not including title page or references page)
• 1-inch margins
• Double spaced
• 12-point Times New Roman font
• Title page
• References page (minimum of 3 academic articles)

Grading

This activity will be graded using the Pro-Position Paper Grading Rubric.

Course Outcomes (CO): 3, 6

Due Date: By 11:59 p.m. MT on Sunday

Rubric

Position Paper Grading Rubric – 125 pts (1)

Criteria	Ratings	Pts
This criterion is linked to a Learning OutcomeLength	5 ptsMeets length requirement0 ptsDoes not meet length requirement	5 pts
This criterion is linked to a Learning OutcomePoint Analysis	30 ptsThe central idea is developed and expanded with depth of critical thought.25.5 ptsThe central idea is discernible and developed.22.5 ptsThe central idea needs more development with points tying back to the thesis.18 ptsThe central idea is not developed, and the analysis lacks critical thought.0 ptsNo effort	30 pts
This criterion is linked to a Learning OutcomeSupport	30 ptsThe writing supports claims with several detailed and persuasive examples.25.5 ptsThe writing supports claims with examples, but additional analysis or examples could strengthen the argument.22.5 ptsThe writing supports claims with examples, but the examples are not well-developed or examined. Additional examples and analysis are needed to make the argument more persuasive.18 ptsThe central idea is not well-supported by claims and/or examples.0 ptsNo effort	30 pts
This criterion is linked to a Learning OutcomeOrganization	25 ptsPaper is clear and cohesive. Introduction and conclusion support the overall flow of the paper.21.25 ptsPaper is basically clear and well-organized with a minimum of non-related material present.18.75 ptsPaper has some issues with clarity, flow, and cohesion. Paper lacks organization.15 ptsPaper lacks organization and has difficulty staying on track. Central themes are difficult to identify.0 ptsNo effort	25 pts
This criterion is linked to a Learning OutcomeWriting: Mechanics & Usage	10 ptsThe writing is free of major errors in grammar, spelling, and punctuation that would detract from a clear reading of the paper.8.5 ptsThe writing contains a few major errors in grammar, spelling, and punctuation, but the errors do not detract from a clear reading of the text.7.5 ptsThe writing contains some major errors in grammar, spelling, and punctuation that need to be addressed for a clearer reading of the paper.6 ptsThe writing contains several major errors in grammar, spelling, and punctuation that impede a clear reading of the paper.0 ptsNo effort	10 pts
This criterion is linked to a Learning OutcomeClarity & Flow	10 ptsThe writing contains strong word choice that clarifies ideas and masterful sentence variety aids with the flow of ideas.8.5 ptsThe writing contains varied word choice and sentence structures that clarify ideas and aid with the flow of ideas.7.5 ptsThe writing contains word choice and sentence structures that can be revised for better clarification of ideas and flow of ideas.6 ptsThe writing contains wording and sentence structures that are awkward and/or unclear, impeding the clarity and flow of ideas.0 ptsNo effort	10 pts
This criterion is linked to a Learning OutcomeVoice	5 ptsThe writing maintains third-person point of view/objective voice throughout the entire text.4.25 ptsThe writing maintains third-person point of view/objective voice throughout much of the text.3.75 ptsThe writing has some deviation from third-person point of view/objective voice that needs to be revised so as not to sound biased or patronizing.3 ptsThe writing deviates significantly from third-person point of view/objective voice that needs to be revised so as not to sound biased or patronizing.0 ptsNo effort	5 pts
This criterion is linked to a Learning OutcomeAPA Format	10 ptsAll sources are properly integrated and cited in the text and references page demonstrating a mastery of integrating resources and APA format.8.5 ptsMost sources are integrated and cited in the text and references page. Some minor errors may exist in integration and/or citation, but it does not interfere with understanding the source of the information.7.5 ptsMost sources are integrated and cited in the text and references page. Some errors may exist in integration and/or citation that need to be addressed to clarify the source of information.6 ptsSources are not properly integrated/cited in the text/references page. Formatting contains several errors that suggest a lack of understanding of the integration of resources and APA format.0 ptsNo effort	10 pts
Total Points: 125