NURS 340 Developing Plan To Decrease Smoking In Community

NURS 340 Developing Plan To Decrease Smoking In Community

 

Teen smoking has increased significantly in your community, and community leaders are drafting a plan to combat the epidemic.
You will assist them by:

A) Formulate a research question that addresses the issue.

B) Determine the type of study that should be conducted.

C) Conduct research to determine the prevalence of smoking among teenagers.

Cigarette smoking reached an all-time high in industrialized countries in the 1960s and has subsequently declined.
Men’s prevalence was significantly higher than women’s during the period, but the gap between men and women has lessened.
The reductions in prevalence have been most pronounced among individuals with more years of education and better incomes, whereas those with fewer years of education and lower incomes have seen minimal change.
Recently, the drop in adult smoking prevalence has been offset by an increase in youth smoking initiation (MMWR 1998a), as well as an increase in smoking prevalence in a number of less developed nations.

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Increased cigarette taxes, for example, have been proven to lower cigarette consumption and smoking initiation (MMWR 1998b; Townsend 1994). (Lewit 1994).
However, rises in cigarette prices disproportionately affect those with lower incomes, who have a harder time quitting.
Other forms of smoking policies, such as making workplaces smoke-free or prohibiting smoking in public buildings, are less certain to reduce smoking prevalence (Eriksen 1998; Pierce 1998).

The majority of people who attempt to quit smoking make multiple efforts before succeeding, and the majority of these attempts are made without special assistance.
Individuals seeking assistance have been demonstrated to benefit from a range of treatments, including individual counseling and advice, nicotine replacement therapy, antidepressants, smoking cessation programs, and stay quit support groups.
(Hughes 2004; Lancaster 2005; Silagy 2004; Stead 2005; Silagy 2004; Stead 2005).
Additional techniques, including as hypnosis and acupuncture, are tried, although their efficacy has not been established.
(White 2006; Abbott 2005).

Recognizing that smoking decisions are made within a broader social context resulted in the development of community-wide programs aimed at reducing both smoking initiation and prevalence.
According to Ockene, an effective public health approach is holistic in nature, successfully engaging the individual and providing reinforcement, support, and norms for not smoking through numerous channels in the society (Ockene 1992).
The effectiveness of such multifaceted approaches in reducing young people’s smoking initiation was examined in a prior Cochrane review (Sowden 2003).
The purpose of this review is to assess the effectiveness of community interventions geared largely at reducing adult smoking.

The majority of these interventions have focused on reducing the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and have included cigarette smoking as a risk factor (Carleton 1995; Fortmann 1993; Goodman 1995; Gutzwiller 1985; Lando 1995; Maccoby 1977; Puska 1985).
Recently, community-based treatments have concentrated only on tobacco use (COMMIT 1995; Fisher 1998; Mudde 1995).
The purpose of this review is to determine the efficacy of community-based programs and to determine, to the extent possible, whatever aspects in their design, implementation, or evaluation may have influenced smoking behavioral outcomes (Susser 1995).