NURS 6050 Discussion Presidential Agendas SAMPLE

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NURS 6050 Discussion Presidential Agendas SAMPLE

A health population topic that has risen to the presidential level that has been a hardship for health care and the population for many years now is mental health. Mental health has encumbered the healthcare system before Covid-19, but after the pandemic, the issue has intensified because of the lack of access to healthcare simultaneously with the increased need for care. Mental illness is defined as mild to moderate in degree depending on the condition (Mental Illness, 2023) According to the World Health Organization suicide is ranked the fourth leading cause of death among people who are between 15-29 years old (World Health Organization: WHO, 2019). It is also found that people who suffer from severe mental health disorders die as much as twenty years prematurely (World Health Organization: WHO, 2019).  Not only do people with mental health suffer from the effects of mental health but they also face discrimination, stigma, and human rights violations from their peers and even amongst healthcare workers from whom they seek help (World Health Organization: WHO, 2019). It is estimated that close to one in five adults in the United States live with a mental illness which is estimated to be close to 52.9 million people in 2020 (Mental Illness, 2023).

From the data above it can be concluded that there is a serious gap between mental health and access to treatment for people. One of the leading social determinants that negatively affect mental health is the lack of access to health care for those diagnosed or suffering from mental health. Although lack of access to health care for those with mental health can be from a wide array of obstacles, the cost of health care is amongst one of the highest obstacles to not seeking treatment. It is found that close to 60-70 percent of people are worried about the cost of mental health treatment (“Reducing Suicide,” 2002). The rise in copayments for mental health treatment is directly correlated with lower access. People without health care insurance also experience increased barriers to care or delay in seeking care (“Reducing Suicide,” 2002).

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To combat the mental health crisis in the United States Joe Biden created and launched the “988” crisis response line. This crisis hotline created a national network of local crisis centers to answer calls and texts (The White House, 2022). Joe Biden, through the American Rescue Plan, has provided $180 million to help support the local capacity of crisis calls and crisis response to calls. Biden’s FY23 budget will enhance this investment with an additional $700 million to hire staff for local crisis centers. (The White House, 2022). Joe Biden also expanded mental health services through the American Rescue Plan by investing millions of dollars into expanding Certified Community Behavioral Health Clinic (CCBHC). Biden’s FY23 budget will propose to make the CCBHCs’ programs permanent while concurrently allowing states funding to expand CCBHCs in the communities most in need (The White House, 2022). CCBHC is a proven model of care that improves health outcomes while having the ability to lower costs for individuals who are seeking treatment by delivering 24/7 mental health and substance use care whether the individual seeking treatment has the means to pay for treatment or not (The White House, 2022).

President Trump also took action to improve Americans’ mental health. Trump signed an Executive Order that addressed the negative impact of prolonged closures of mental and behavioral health resources. He provided grant funding to support mental health treatment services which included telehealth, peer-to-peer, and safe in-person therapeutic service (The White House, 2020). Finally, Trump signed legislation that distributed an estimated $425 million in emergency funds to focus on mental and substance use disorders (The White House, 2020).

Both Presidential parties have been active in their attempts to help the mental health crisis in the United States. This writer feels that education and more resources surrounding mental health starting at a young age implemented into the education system are crucial. It is found that individuals do not seek help because of the discrimination and disparity they are faced with if they are vocal about their mental health, therefore if it is educated amongst children at a young age that is in fact acceptable and “normal” to talk about mental health and to seek treatment then children growing up into adults would not feel ashamed or guilty for the attempts to seek treatment. Education should also be given to not only the school systems but also health care facilities and local community organizations surrounding how and where an individual can seek treatment for mental health even if they have financial barriers they are faced with. Education should be given on the different ways one can seek treatment whether that be in person or over a telehealth call as you might find an individual does not seek treatment because they think face-to-face treatment is their only option. This writer does not feel that there is nearly enough light shed on the resources that are currently available to people. As a nurse in the health care system, we play a vital role in having the ability to educate patients and patients’ families about the resources that are available to them surrounding mental health and have an obligation to our patients to make sure we are doing so.

NURS 6050 Discussion Presidential Agendas SAMPLE

The healthcare system is highly sensitive and that is why presidents have to make critical decisions and ensure the safety of their citizens. I agree with you that the opioid epidemic is one of the healthcare issues that rose to the presidential level. Opioid misuse presents various health risks and that is why it was necessary to engage the presidential intervention. President Bush’s administration approached the issue in three ways. First, the administration provided efforts to stop the kids from using the drug. Secondly, the treatment for those already using the drug was expanded and finally, the flow of the drug into America was controlled. The measure would be undertaken for infectious diseases that arise, Breaking the infection cycle is important in managing health crises and emergencies (Hedberg, et al., 2019).

The Obama administration approached the issue more comprehensively and approved the CAR bill to fight the epidemic. Similarly, President Donald Trump declared the epidemic a national state of emergency and this was appropriate. I agree that health issues require urgent intervention to curb the causative factors and prevent the issue from spreading further and this is what the three presidential administrations did.

The presidents must be sensitive to identify the impacts of given health issues and develop appropriate policies that will minimize the harmful effects the citizens suffer (Smith, 2020). In this case, the use of opioid drugs was on the rise and the level could have been very disastrous if the relevant measures developed were not adopted. It is important that government systems set aside funds to handle medical emergencies whenever they rise because they cannot be postponed (Katz, Attal-Juncqua & Fischer, 2017).

NURS 6050 Discussion Presidential Agendas SAMPLE References

Hedberg, K., Bui, L. T., Livingston, C., Shields, L. M., & Van Otterloo, J. (2019). Integrating public health and health care strategies to address the opioid epidemic: the Oregon Health Authority’s Opioid Initiative. Journal of Public Health Management and Practice, 25(3), 214-220. doi: 10.1097/PHH.0000000000000849.

Katz, R., Attal-Juncqua, A., & Fischer, J. E. (2017). Funding public health emergency preparedness in the United States. American journal of public health, 107(S2), S148-S152. doi: 10.2105/AJPH.2017.303956

Smith, H. J. (2020). Ethics, Public Health, and Addressing the Opioid Crisis. AMA Journal of Ethics, 22(8), 647-650. doi: 10.1001/amajethics.2020.647.

When being presented with the topic of discussion for this week, my mind, as I’m sure most of ours, immediately wandered to the subject of debate related to the pandemic and the vaccine mandate that seems to be the black cloud, in not only the healthcare setting but now intruding into all employers’ policies as well.

The enforcement of this mandate has been a matter of contention our current president has prioritized in his agenda. This pandemic just so happened to take over during an election year, so we were fortunate to see how two separate presidents prioritized the specifics of their agendas related to the same pandemic.

According to Keith Kellogg in his book War By Other Means: A General In The Trump White House, he discusses some of the accomplishments of our former president during his time in office. “On March 13,2020, President Trump declared COVID-19 a national emergency…Vice President Pence worked with companies like 3M to dramatically increase production of N-95 medical masks.

He worked with diagnostic lab companies to ramp up testing.” (Kellogg, 2021) Kellogg (2021) tells us about President Trump working with FedEx and UPS air assets in order to ensure the American healthcare workers had the appropriate personal protective equipment and ensuring there wouldn’t be a delay in receiving sed equipment due to the travel ban that was implemented as well. He sent in reinforcements to New York and California by sending the U.S. Navy hospital ships to assist with patient care.

He developed Operation Warp Speed by gathering teams of experts to manufacture a vaccine that could be developed and distributed. President Trump’s goal was to “make the system work better and faster than it had ever worked before.” (Kellogg, 2021) Kellogg (2021), being the former National Security Advisor under the Trump and Pence Administration, ensures his audience that President Trump stretched all resources in order to fulfill his directive to do everything possible to protect the American people from harm.

NURS 6050 Discussion Presidential Agendas SAMPLE

Our current President, Joe Biden, is approaching the pandemic in a different view. As soon has Biden took office he worked actively to open America’s southern border, which has resulted in over 1.4 million illegal border crossings. (GOP Staff, 2021) With each illegal crossing, there has not been a since effort to mandate the vaccine for those individuals. Biden’s speech in September 2021 discusses this being a “pandemic of the unvaccinated.” (Biden, 2021)

He states there being a “25% minority that is not vaccinated” (Biden, 2021) and emphasizes that they are the cause of the losing battle against COVID-19 and his duty is to “protect the vaccinated.” (Biden, 2021) Which then leads him to discuss his next step in plan of action, being that all employers with more than 100 employees must require the vaccine. He states he is aware that this mandate will affect about two thirds of all workers, and he has no regard to that fact.

Biden expects the American people to “trust the science” but still refuses to be transparent about not mandating the vaccine for certain groups, the possible long term affects and the devastating adverse reactions we are now being inundated with in the hospital setting. Biden discusses the pandemic issues by using scare tactics and totalitarianism approaches, hence why OSHA has now placed a hold on Biden’s mandate due to it being unconstitutional.

According to Health Policy and Politics, the definition of “policy is a consciously chosen course of action: a law, regulation, rule, procedure, administrative action, incentive, or voluntary practice of governments and other institutions.” (Milstead & Short, 2019) As nurses, we can make a difference at this level by “identifying a problem and being part of the solution.” (Milstead & Short, 2019) We, as healthcare workers, practice autonomy by allowing our patients to have and to practice their patient’s rights.

We must accept our patient’s choices for what they feel is right for their body, regardless of what the popular opinion may be. In the same, the U.S. congressional members and senators must respect and accept the choices of those who decide the vaccine may not be the best choice for their body or their children’s body. I do not feel the mandate is an appropriate way to handle this pandemic. There has been evidence showing Florida reaching the lowest case rate in the nation as a result of Governor DeSantis’ leadership and our data-driven approach free of mandates or lockdowns (Florida Executive Office Staff, 2021).

State Surgeon General Dr. Joseph Ladapo (2021) also discusses the success in Governor DeSantis’ innovative approach and states, “moving forward, we must continue focusing on data and evidence to make public health decisions and not allow such decisions to be politicized.” I believe in natural immunity and personal choice. Therefore, I would not allow a government overreach and enforce a vaccine mandate to all, especially before long-term studies have been published. I would allow resources to be available, such as DeSantis’ approach, and focus on the data and evidence that has proved it’s efficacy.

NURS 6050 Discussion Presidential Agendas References

NURS 6050 Discussion Presidential Agendas 

RE: Discussion – Week 1

 
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Mental illness is a health issuewhoseattack is not on the body but the mind, in recent years mental illness has become an acceptable topic to discuss while in the past, having a mental illness meant suffering aloneand in silence. Thenumber of people screening with moderate to severe symptoms of depression and anxiety has continued to increase throughout 2020 and remains higher than rates prior to COVID-19 (Mental Health America , 2021).

People are suffering and they are finally speaking out about it and I will say that is a testament to how our Presidents have highlighted the importance of speaking out about your mental illness and getting the help that you need and providing that help. In 2013 President Obama announced that $50 million of the funding will support nearly 200 community health centers in expanding the availability of services to individuals living with mental illness and/or substance use disorders (Ingoglia, 2013).

The Biden administration followed that same initiative when he took office and allocated 2.5 Billion dollars in funding for the mental illness and addiction crisis the country now faces; $1.65 billion will go toward the Substance Abuse Prevention and Treatment Block Grant, which gives the receiving states and territories money to improve already-existing treatment, and $825 million will be used by the states to deal specifically with mental health treatment services (Allen, 2021).

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This nurse is an advocate for mental well-being, and believes that in order to heal the body you have to start with the mind. We learned early on in nursing school that the brain is the control station for every part of our body and in order for our different systems to complete their distinct tasks the brain must function properly.

Our thought processes affect how our brain works, neuroscience has begun to uncover some of the intricate and less obvious relations between the mind and the brain, as investigative approaches from biochemistry, psychology, and genetics converge on an understanding of the physiology of mental illness (S., 1992). As a psych nurse I believe that they did the same thing that I would have done because the issue is that there are not enough mental health providers and so you have people suffering that are unable to get the help they need because providers are booked to capacity.

The one thing that I would do differently is ensure that each state send yearly summaries of exactly how they are putting that money to use, and the effectiveness of the changes they made using that money. This is purely to hold each state accountable and ensure the money is being distributed to bringing a firm foundation for the treatment of mental illness.

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NURS 6050 Discussion Presidential Agendas

RE: Discussion – Week 1

 
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COVID-19

 

A novel coronavirus hit the U.S. in January 2020, and WHO declared coronavirus a pandemic (Sheposh, 2021). A new strain called Delta surfaced, and the death toll is once again increasing. When the pandemic began, there was a lot of confusion about how to handle the pandemic. Former President Trump first put the responsibility on states to deal with covid-19. As the case number increased, The White House created federal social distancing guidelines.

At the same time, the COVID task force was formed with people of The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). President Trump declared a national emergency and ordered expanded supplies and test kits to be distributed in the U.S. The president was eager to reopen the company and return to normalcy. He signed the bill to help people for relief and put an emphasis on developing covid vaccines. He also decided not to fund the WHO and criticized the covid task force for their recommendations (Hart, 2021).

President Biden put the primary responsibility on the federal government and called for states to put more strict mask mandates in place. He signed the bills for more stimulus checks and called for swift distributions on vaccines. He decided to rejoin the WHO and promised the funding. He also called for a controversial vaccine mandate for federal workers.

No one predicted that this pandemic could happen in their lifetime. However, I feel the government has done a great job against this pandemic. Covid-19 is still ongoing, and new strains are being discovered. However, things are settling down, and I feel that life is returning to normal. During this pandemic, the federal government set a goal to innoculate people as much as possible and set an agenda to do so.

I cannot entirely agree with the mandate of vaccines because I think that it is a violation of our rights. I’m afraid I also have to disagree with funding the WHO. I feel that Johns Hopkins University and CDC give us better statistics and accurate numbers, and also they function way better than WHO.

NURS 6050 Discussion Presidential Agendas SAMPLE References

RE: Discussion – Week 1

 
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In my opinion, the Federal Government of the United States, ably led by President Joe Biden, made the right decision by ensuring that the majority of its population receives the covid -19 vaccine, based on the CDC recommendations. The science behind this approach is based on the age long principle of Herd immunity.

Herd immunity(population immunity) , is the direct/indirect protection from an infectious disease that happens when about 75 to 80% of a population is immunized either through vaccination as in the case of Covid -19 or by immunity developed through previous infection (WHO, 2021). As we may have known, vaccines stimulate specific antibodies in our bodies that help with fighting specific infections whenever we come in contact with them.

Usually, these vaccines are made to protect us against infections or organisms with very high pathogenicity or virulence, sufficient to overwhelm ones natural immunity upon first exposure , thus leading to very severe illness or even death. The fortified immune system is able to attack such organisms whenever that vaccinated individual becomes exposed to the organism.

However, for the unvaccinated individual, a highly virulent pathogen like the novel coronavirus is able to attack and cause severe debilitating illness or even death, because the natural immune system is too weak to fight back. As a consequence, vaccines have become inextricably connected to our survival as humans.

As regards human rights, I believe the President has a constitutional obligation to protect the lives and property of all inhabitants of the United States. This, he is doing, by taking relevant steps at encouraging people to take the vaccines.

Consequently, whatever he has to do to keep the people safe and in good health should not be regarded or seen as against peoples’ rights, as he can only be president over the living and not the dead. Interestingly too, our rights are not absolute under the law, if not, you could kill somebody and walk away without retribution.

In the aspect of the US withdrawal from the WHO, the United States remains the leader of all developed nations of the world, and arguably the largest financial contributor to the WHO. As such, it has a responsibility to keep all other nations safe from disease or infirmity even as it takes care of itself. The WHO serves as a reference point in the area of Healthcare for every nation of the world.

All countries make monthly contributions to this agency, for the purpose of having a collective and formidable front against diseases that affect humanity as well as drawing up universally acceptable management guidelines, which are usually sourced from medical experts all over the world. An epidemic, in any part of the world is not likely to completely isolate the US, so long as movement of humans continue to take place, just as was the case with covid -19. Even though Johns Hopkins has been doing a great job, its scope is largely limited to the US, while the WHO is global .

In conclusion, President Joe Biden, has so far shown impeccable leadership in his approach to managing the affairs of the US, especially rejoining the WHO and his strategies on vaccination.

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NURS 6050 Discussion Presidential Agendas

How Current and Previous Presidents Handled Mental Health Problems

Population health is crucial in determining a group of individual’s health status and health outcomes. Public health practitioners must improve population health to optimize the health of a large area (New York State Department of Health, n.d.). Presidents have reformed to expand population health and influence health outcomes through population-wide policies and interventions.

For example, President Joe Biden’s government works with nations to address mental health. The federal government plays a role in mental health to regulate systems, prot

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